ABS (ANTI-LOCK) BRAKING SYSTEM

ABS or anti-lock braking system is a safety system which prevents the wheels of automobiles from locking up (reduce rotation)while braking.
allows the driver to maintain steering control under heavy braking by preventing a The wheels should be rotated perfectly to avoid skid and to continue interacting tractively with the road surface as directed by driver steering inputs. The new ABS braking system offers improved vehicle control, and may decrease stopping distances on dry and especially slippery surface and increase braking distance on loose surfaces.
Recent versions has a new feature called electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD) electronically control the front-to-rear brake bias.

WORKING OF ABS BRAKING SYSTEM

An ABS braking system is composed of a central electronic control unit (ECU), four wheel speed sensors and two or more hydraulic valves within the brake hydraulics. The ECU monitors the rotational speed of each wheel constantly, and when it detects a wheel rotating significantly slower than the others it actuates the hydraulic valves to reduce hydraulic pressure to the brake at the affected wheel, thus reducing the braking force on that wheel. Then the wheel turns faster and ECU increase brake hydraulic pressure to the wheel so the braking force is reapplied and the wheel slows. This process is repeated continuously, and can be detected by the driver via brake pedal pulsation. A typical anti-lock system can apply and release hydraulic braking pressure up to 20 times a second.

The ECU will disregard differences in wheel rotative speed below a critical threshold, because when the car is turning, the inner wheels turn slower than the outer two. For this same reason, a differential is used in virtually all roadgoing vehicles.

Any fault in ABS will be alarmed by a warning light illuminated on the vehicle instrument panel, and the ABS will be disabled until the fault is rectified.

ADVANTAGES

More Traction Control
Better Effectiveness
Reduced the risk of run-off-road crashes
Reduced the risk of multiple vehicle crashes

Only disadvantage is that due to the safety benefit of ABS drivers will get more aggressive

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